When industries thrive, the economic system prospers.
Future industries confer with ahead – wanting rising industries pushed by slicing – edge applied sciences. Currently within the embryonic or early industrialization stage, they’re characterised by important strategic, main, disruptive, and unsure options.
To promote the event of future industries, the state has successively issued a number of vital guiding paperwork.
In January 2024, the “Implementation Opinions on Promoting the Innovative Development of Future Industries” collectively issued by seven departments together with the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology proposed to “comprehensively layout future industries” and “focus on promoting the development of six major directions of future industries, namely future manufacturing, future information, future materials, future energy, future space, and future health.”
The “2024 Government Work Report of the State Council” identified that “actively cultivate emerging industries and future industries.” It clearly required to “formulate a development plan for future industries, open up new tracks such as quantum technology and life science, and establish a number of future industry pilot zones.”
The “2025 Government Work Report of the State Council” proposed once more to “cultivate and expand emerging industries and future industries.” It additional identified that “establish a growth mechanism for investment in future industries and cultivate future industries such as biological manufacturing, quantum technology, embodied intelligence, and 6G.”
In October this yr, the “Proposal of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China for Formulating the 15th Five – Year Plan for National Economic and Social Development” emphasised that “prospectively layout future industries, explore diverse technological routes, typical application scenarios, feasible business models, and market supervision rules, and promote quantum technology, biological manufacturing, hydrogen energy and nuclear fusion energy, brain – computer interface, embodied intelligence, sixth – generation mobile communication, etc. to become new economic growth points.”
It will be seen that the state has been constantly making efforts in future industries, and the steerage on industrial instructions has been constantly refined.
According to the most recent “Proposal for the 15th Five – Year Plan”, Yiou targeted on the ” quantum technology, biological manufacturing, hydrogen energy and nuclear fusion energy, brain – computer interface, embodied intelligence, sixth – generation mobile communication ” that have been prominently talked about and sorted out the progress of every business previously yr.
Near the tip of 2025, Yiou launched the slicing – edge implementation outcomes of key future industries for readers.
Quantum Technology
Quantum expertise is a brand new scientific and technological system that primarily integrates the rules of quantum mechanics with disciplines akin to data science, computational science, and supplies science. It is dedicated to realizing the acquisition, processing, and transmission of knowledge via quantum results.
Quantum expertise breaks via the restrictions of conventional classical physics and gives new concepts and strategies for fixing advanced issues. It is especially utilized in fields akin to quantum computing, quantum communication, quantum encryption, and quantum sensing.
In January 2025, “quantum technology” was chosen as one of many high ten scientific and technological phrases of 2024.
In China, in February 2025, the analysis outcomes of Peking University and Zhejiang University have been revealed within the journal “Nature Photonics”. They efficiently realized a vortex – mild quantum entanglement supply primarily based on an built-in optical quantum chip and developed the world’s first quantum – entangled vortex – mild emission chip.
In March 2025, the superconducting quantum computing prototype “Zu Chongzhi III” independently developed by China was unveiled, setting a brand new world file for quantum computing superiority within the superconducting system. This marks that China has shifted from “following” to “leading” within the discipline of quantum computing.
In June 2025, the “ez – QEngine 2.0” kilobit measurement and management system collectively developed by Guodun Quantum and different models was delivered. It can help parallel measurement and management of greater than 5,000 bits, marking that China’s quantum computing {hardware} has leaped from “single – chip” to “scaled – up”.
In July 2025, China constructed a “nanoscale two – photon factory” and ready a brand new kind of quantum – entangled mild supply with a constancy of 99.4%, laying a key basis for extra superior quantum purposes.
In September 2025, the discharge of the primary home coherent optical quantum computing cloud service supporting 1,000 devoted quantum bits marked that China’s devoted quantum computing has formally entered a brand new stage of kilobit – scale sensible software, and a key progress has been made within the business implementation of the quantum computing discipline.
In November 2025, the superconducting quantum laptop “Tianyan – 287” outfitted with the identical chip as “Zu Chongzhi III” was accomplished. This quantum computing system has the flexibility of “quantum computing superiority” and will change into China’s first quantum computing cloud platform with “quantum computing superiority” sooner or later.
Globally, 2025 has been designated because the “Year of Quantum Science and Technology” by the United Nations. Quantum computing has entered the “industrial verification” stage from the “concept verification” stage.
In the aggressive panorama, the worldwide quantum data business has fashioned a sample of “China and the United States leading, Europe catching up.”
Biological Manufacturing
Biological manufacturing is a manufacturing expertise system centered on industrial biotechnology. It makes use of the physiological metabolism or catalytic features of organisms akin to strains, cells, and enzymes to appreciate materials processing and transformation.
In a broad sense, organic manufacturing covers applied sciences akin to bionic manufacturing and biomass conversion; in a slender sense, it solely refers back to the expertise of manufacturing merchandise by controlling cells or organic processes, involving fields akin to biomedicine, new supplies, and new power.
In 2025, organic manufacturing was chosen as one of many “Top Ten Scientific and Technological Terms of 2024”.
This yr, Tsinghua University used the “cell factory” of Halomonas to construct the world’s most complete kiloton – scale PHA open manufacturing line in Beijing, decreasing the fee from 50,000 yuan per ton to 30,000 yuan per ton.
After the primary – part 10,000 – ton and second – part 30,000 – ton initiatives in Yichang, Hubei are put into operation, they are going to account for 50% of the worldwide PHA manufacturing capability and change into the world’s largest manufacturing base.
Anhui Huaheng Biotechnology achieved mass manufacturing of L – alanine by organic strategies. Compared with the chemical route, the power consumption was decreased by 50%, and its product has a 60% world market share, turning into a typical case of “biological manufacturing subverting the chemical paradigm”.
In 2025, China grew to become the most important exporter of key enzyme preparations and genetic parts, with a worldwide share of 29%.
Domestically, all provinces in China are actively deploying the organic manufacturing business.
In 2025, the business confirmed many new options: first, AI is accelerating its integration into the R & D and manufacturing hyperlinks of organic manufacturing; second, the exploration of clever manufacturing has accelerated; third, the business’s innovation help system has been constantly improved; fourth, all events’ understanding of the business has regularly change into clear, and the innovation capacity has been steadily improved.
Hydrogen Energy and Nuclear Fusion Energy
Hydrogen power is a secondary power with wealthy sources, low – carbon environmental friendliness, and large purposes. It is regularly turning into one of many vital carriers for world power transformation and growth. China is the world’s largest hydrogen – producing nation and has nice potential within the provide of unpolluted and low – carbon hydrogen power. The home hydrogen power business reveals a constructive growth pattern.
Nuclear fusion refers to a type of nuclear response through which mild – mass atoms, primarily deuterium or tritium, below sure circumstances, endure nuclear fusion to type a brand new and heavier nucleus, accompanied by the discharge of giant power.
Nuclear power is split into nuclear fission power and nuclear fusion power. Nuclear fusion has extraordinarily low radiation and is a really promising new power supply.
In 2025, the world’s longest “hydrogen – oxygen” low – temperature liquid hydrogen storage tank was delivered in Zhangjiagang, Jiangsu;
The 400 MW inexperienced hydrogen mission of Ningdong, Ningxia, below the National Energy Group was put into operation in June 2025, turning into one of many world’s largest single – physique inexperienced hydrogen bases;
Guofu Hydrogen Energy collectively with a South Korean enterprise launched a liquid – hydrogen – powered drone with a flight endurance of greater than 120 minutes, and the cross – border liquid hydrogen provide chain in East Asia was opened for the primary time;
The “Nanhai – Gaoming” hydrogen power pipeline in Foshan, Guangdong was accomplished. With a complete size of 48 km and a design stress of 6.3 MPa, it’s the first city – degree hydrogen pipeline devoted to hydrogen – gas – cell automobiles in China.
In phrases of nuclear fusion power, world growth can also be comparatively fast.
In 2025, EAST (Hefei) set a brand new world file for the regular – state excessive – confinement plasma operation at 100 million °C for 1,066 seconds in 2025, marking that China leads the world within the discipline of lengthy – pulse burning plasma management;
China’s HL – 2M Tokamak (Chengdu) achieved the milestone of an ion temperature of 117 million °C and an electron temperature of 160 million °C, rating among the many high three on the planet in complete parameters;
The important physique Dewar base of the compact fusion power experimental gadget BEST was put in. Core elements akin to excessive – temperature superconducting magnets and tungsten – copper divertors have entered the ultimate meeting stage. It is deliberate to be accomplished in 2027 and obtain the primary plasma discharge in 2028;
ENN’s “Xuanlong – 50U” spherical gadget achieved megampere – degree discharge of hydrogen – boron fusion, opening up a brand new route for neutron – free and low – radioactivity fusion.
In 2025, a fusion business cluster value tens of billions of yuan was fashioned in Hefei, Anhui, Chengdu, Sichuan and different locations in China, protecting the whole industrial chain of superconducting supplies, magnets, vacuum, energy provides, diagnostics, and so on. More than 100 upstream and downstream fusion enterprises have been added in 2025.
Brain – Computer Interface
A mind – laptop interface is a direct connection created between the mind of a human or an animal and an exterior gadget to allow data trade between the mind and the gadget. Brain – laptop interfaces appeared early, but it surely was not till after the Nineteen Nineties that phased outcomes started to emerge.
As a transformative human – machine interplay expertise, the mind – laptop interface has broad growth prospects. In 2025, China efficiently carried out experiments on mind – laptop interfaces.
In February 2025, related models of Tianjin University and Tsinghua University collectively developed a “dual – loop” non – invasive evolutionary mind – laptop interface system primarily based on memristive neuromorphic gadgets.
In June 2025, related models of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, in cooperation with related models of Fudan University and associated enterprises, efficiently carried out the primary potential scientific trial of an invasive mind – laptop interface in China.
In September 2025, the primary scientific analysis ward for mind – laptop interfaces in Southwest China was formally established on the Southwest Hospital of the Army Medical University.
It is value mentioning that magnetoencephalography (MEG) and practical magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) have efficiently realized non – invasive mind – laptop interfaces.
In September 2025, the primary implantable closed – loop self – responsive neurostimulator surgical procedure in South China was efficiently carried out.
In September 2025, China accomplished the primary trial of utilizing an interventional mind – laptop interface to help within the restoration of the motor perform of the affected limb of the human physique.
Domestically, the event of invasive and non – invasive mind – laptop interface applied sciences is fast. Among them, invasive mind – laptop interface expertise is being utilized in a number of situations, and there have been profitable instances in exterior gadget management, medical rehabilitation, language decoding, and so on. It is anticipated to deliver extra breakthroughs in fields akin to medical remedy and scientific analysis.
Embodied Intelligence
Embodied intelligence is a slicing – edge discipline on the intersection of synthetic intelligence and robotics. With the maturity of expertise and the enlargement of purposes, embodied intelligence merchandise will play an vital function in a number of fields akin to clever manufacturing, good dwelling, good medical care, and clever companies.
In 2025, China’s embodied intelligence business developed quickly, primarily mirrored within the steady launch of latest merchandise by main enterprises, particularly the fast growth of robots.
At the technical degree, it focuses on the coordination between the “brain” and the “cerebellum”. For instance, the “brain – cerebellum cooperation” mannequin structure designed by Shanghai Jiao Tong University allows robots to finish extremely – lengthy – vary and advanced duties involving dozens of steps; the “Wuneng” embodied intelligence platform launched by SenseTime demonstrated its environmental understanding and autonomous planning capabilities.
In phrases of {hardware}, Fudan University developed an adaptive visible – tactile AI sensor, enabling robots to have a way of contact much like that of people. In addition, varied types of embodied intelligence merchandise akin to humanoid robots, exoskeletons, dexterous fingers, and quadruped robotic canine have been unveiled, and firms akin to Galaxy Universal, Unitree Robotics, Yuejiang, and Zhipu AI have corresponding merchandise.
In phrases of economic purposes, 2025 is thought to be the “Year of the Industrial Application of Humanoid Robots”. From prototype machines to mass manufacturing, embodied intelligence robots have entered actual situations akin to inspection, service halls, factories, and aged care and medical care. Among them, the economic discipline has change into probably the most potential market. Many enterprises have obtained orders.
At the coverage degree, many locations in China, together with Beijing, Shanghai, Shenzhen, and Xiamen, have issued help insurance policies, presenting a sample of twin – wheel drive by insurance policies and capital.
As an “integration” of rising industries akin to synthetic intelligence, cell communication, and robotics, embodied intelligence is anticipated to change into a disruptive product in human society after computer systems, smartphones, and new – power automobiles, which can profoundly change the best way of human manufacturing and life and reshape the worldwide industrial growth sample.
Sixth – Generation Mobile Communication
Most efficiency indicators of the sixth – technology cell communication (6G) can be 10 to 100 instances increased than these of 5G. The potential software situations will be divided into three classes: full – protection and diversified clever connection purposes, excessive – constancy prolonged actuality purposes, and clever business purposes.
In phrases of key applied sciences, a number of breakthroughs have been achieved in 2025. For instance, the ten – thousand – factor electromagnetic lens prototype developed by ZTE Digital Nebula was the primary within the business to attain a ten – thousand – scale factor prototype, which may obtain 100 – stream degree of spatial division capacity;
Hongshan Technology achieved a 30.4 – km lengthy – distance transmission at a terahertz price of 20 Gbps, setting a brand new file for comparable methods;
China Unicom accomplished the development of the primary low – orbit in – orbit setting for car – related satellites, taking a key step in direction of empowering the Internet of Things and car – to – all the pieces with low – orbit satellites;
China Telecom, in cooperation with a number of events, accomplished the innovation of clever metasurface expertise for 6G and the business’s first multi – station and multi – RIS networking take a look at;
China Telecom, in cooperation with a number of models, accomplished the analysis on key applied sciences for 6G satellite tv for pc – terrestrial integration and excessive – medium – low – orbit assessments, laying a basis for multi – orbit collaborative networking;
Datang Mobile launched a holographic metasurface massive – scale antenna array, realizing excessive – velocity dynamic multi – stream beamforming transmission.
In 2025, 6G standardization was formulated in China. Commercialization is anticipated to be achieved round 2030.
It is known that China’s 6G expertise assessments are divided into three phases: first, the key expertise take a look at to make clear the principle technical instructions of 6G; second, the technical resolution take a look at to develop 6G prototype machines for key situations; lastly, the system networking take a look at to develop tools and conduct assessments on key 6G merchandise.
Currently, China has accomplished the primary – stage 6G key expertise take a look at and fashioned greater than 300 key expertise reserves.
Future industries characterize the path of the brand new spherical of scientific and technological revolution and industrial transformation and are the important thing variables figuring out the longer term industrial panorama and industrial aggressive sample. Actively growing future industries helps to grab the excessive – floor of worldwide industrial growth.