Professor Nguyen Quang Thuan, Member of the Central Theoretical Council and former President of the Vietnam Academy of Social Sciences
The paperwork from the 14th National Party Congress started to outline, in comparatively complete phrases, the core parts of Vietnam’s development mannequin within the new period, from the development context, aims, views, and operational mechanisms to key duties and strategic breakthroughs.
In specific, the framework focuses on 4 key priorities. First, Vietnam’s new development mannequin locations individuals on the middle, with nationwide self-reliance serving as the muse. Science and expertise, innovation, and digital transformation are recognized because the principal drivers, whereas sustainable development and enhancements in individuals’s high quality of life are thought to be the best aims. Notably, financial development should go hand-in-hand with social progress, fairness, and complete human development.
At the identical time, reforming the development mannequin is framed inside each worldwide and home contexts. The paperwork additionally define key options for refining the new mannequin, notably by means of the continued enchancment of establishments to assist fast and sustainable development.
Second, robust advances in science and expertise should go hand-in-hand with human development, notably the cultivation of high-quality human sources. This is thought to be a decisive consider elevating labor productiveness, strengthening competitiveness, and enhancing the long-term autonomy of the financial system.
Third, infrastructure development continues to be recognized as a key part of reforming the expansion mannequin. The idea of infrastructure extends past conventional socio-economic techniques to embody infrastructure supporting science and expertise, innovation, and digital transformation. This will present an necessary basis for creating new development drivers for the financial system.
Fourth, higher emphasis have to be positioned on the function of companies, notably the non-public sector. In the new development context, successfully leveraging the enterprise group, particularly non-public enterprises, will allow Vietnam to speed up the appliance of science and expertise, innovation, and digital transformation in manufacturing and enterprise actions, thereby bettering competitiveness and producing new development momentum for the financial system.
Associate Professor Vu Trong Lam, Deputy Editor-in-Chief of the Communist Review and Director-General and Editor-in-Chief of the National Political Publishing House
In the method of shaping Vietnam’s nationwide development mannequin for the new period, there are two basic and decisive points that require specific consideration in figuring out the nation’s long-term development place and competitiveness.
First, Vietnam should essentially remodel its “national development logic” because the world transitions right into a new mode of development. In the twenty first century, nonetheless, notably beneath the impression of AI, huge knowledge, digital applied sciences, and the inexperienced financial system, the foundations of nationwide competitiveness are shifting quickly towards data, expertise, knowledge, and innovation capability. This presents Vietnam with a basic problem: transferring from a development mannequin primarily based on exploiting present benefits to one centered on creating new benefits. This represents a qualitative shift in development pondering.
In specific, Vietnam’s strategic job within the coming interval is to transfer decisively from a mindset of “development based on existing resources” to one in every of “creating new development capabilities.” Under this mannequin, science, expertise, and innovation should develop into the first engines of development; knowledge have to be acknowledged as a strategic useful resource; high-quality human sources should kind the core of nationwide competitiveness; and modern enterprises should develop into the middle of the nationwide development ecosystem.
Second, Vietnam should pursue breakthrough reforms in establishments and nationwide governance capability amid profound adjustments within the world development panorama. In specific, three institutional priorities deserve particular consideration within the coming interval: constructing sufficiently versatile establishments able to adapting to the fast tempo of change in science, expertise, and the digital financial system; establishing a data-driven and real-time nationwide governance mannequin to change fragmented, slow-moving, and procedure-heavy administration techniques; and making a coordinated development mechanism between the State, the market, and society, through which companies function the middle of innovation whereas individuals stay the central actors in development.
Reforming the nationwide development mannequin as we speak is, in essence, not merely about altering the sample of development however about reconstructing your entire operational basis of the nation within the digital period. This isn’t solely a development crucial, but additionally a strategic requirement for Vietnam to notice its ambition of changing into a high-income developed nation by 2045.
Mr. Nguyen Tuan Anh, Deputy Secretary of the Can Tho City Party Committee
Can Tho has recognized science and expertise, innovation, and digital transformation because the central drivers for shifting its development mannequin from in depth to intensive development, with the aim of bettering development high quality and enhancing financial competitiveness. Since the start of the present time period, the town has established a comparatively complete political and authorized basis to implement this development orientation in a coordinated and systematic method.
In phrases of its development mannequin, Can Tho is prioritizing fast and sustainable financial development primarily based on science and expertise; the development of synchronized infrastructure techniques; the development of high-quality human sources; institutional reform; and the promotion of innovation and startup ecosystems.
In current years, the town has labored to implement the contents of Politburo Resolution No. 57-NQ/TW and has steadily developed a science-, technology-, and innovation-driven development mannequin by means of a sequence of concrete measures.
First, Can Tho has targeted on constructing and strengthening its innovation ecosystem by increasing cooperation with companies and establishments to foster stronger hyperlinks between universities, analysis institutes, and companies. This is taken into account a essential basis for selling analysis, expertise switch, and the commercialization of scientific and technological merchandise.
Second, the town has established a Science, Technology, and Innovation Development Fund to assist analysis, startups, and the development of new applied sciences.
Third, it has steadily developed “grand challenges” tied to sensible development wants, whereas introducing mechanisms for commissioning and assigning scientific analysis duties. This mannequin has begun to ship optimistic outcomes by aligning analysis extra intently with native socio-economic development wants.
Fourth, the town is prioritizing high-tech and digital agriculture, in step with the Mekong Delta’s function as Vietnam’s agricultural and agro-processing hub.
Fifth, Can Tho is growing an information center-based development mannequin and digital working techniques for the Mekong Delta area, serving to advance digital transformation in governance, administration, and regional financial development.
Sixth, the town is accelerating the development of an innovation middle, with the ambition of changing into a regional hub for innovation.
Seventh, it’s steadily establishing concentrated info expertise parks and high-tech zones, laying the groundwork for attracting expertise enterprises, selling innovation, and supporting the expansion of the digital financial system. According to the town, these fashions have already demonstrated encouraging early leads to apply.
In phrases of implementation, Can Tho has experimented with a number of approaches whereas growing a regional-scale innovation and startup middle. Initially, the mannequin was largely State-led, then the town later expanded to an innovation-oriented joint inventory firm mannequin to mobilize further social sources. At the identical time, Can Tho has more and more entrusted companies with taking the lead in sure innovation and expertise development initiatives.
Mr. Hoang Minh Cuong, Vice Chairman of the Hai Phong City People’s Committee
Hai Phong views reforming its development mannequin as greater than merely adjusting the financial construction or including digital transformation packages. At its core, it represents a basic shift in development pondering, the group of the financial system, city governance, and the creation of new development drivers.
The metropolis has chosen a development mannequin constructed on science and expertise, innovation, and digital transformation, with individuals on the middle, data and expertise as the muse, innovation because the driving pressure, trendy governance as a aggressive benefit, and strategic development areas as platforms for realizing new development ambitions. This isn’t a easy alternative of an previous mannequin with a new one, however somewhat an improve of the town’s “operating system” to the next degree.
Hai Phong has recognized 4 strategic pillars for this new mannequin. First, financial restructuring primarily based on excessive expertise. The metropolis is shifting from a mindset of “attracting manufacturing” to one in every of “building a high-tech industrial ecosystem.” This consists of growing inexperienced, eco-friendly port-industrial city areas linked in each the bodily and digital worlds. Factories won’t solely be large-scale but additionally “smart factories” deeply built-in into world worth chains and leveraging benefits in expertise, productiveness, and innovation.
Second, the digital financial system and sensible logistics. The digital financial system isn’t merely a technological development but additionally a strategic requirement for Hai Phong to keep and strengthen its worldwide competitiveness. In the digital period, logistics competitiveness is dependent upon the flexibility to optimize knowledge flows. Accordingly, Hai Phong will prioritize the info financial system, sensible seaports, the blue financial system, and large-scale logistics hubs linked to high-speed rail and aviation networks.
Third, data-driven city governance. The metropolis goals to be ruled by means of real-time knowledge utilizing digital twins and AI, enabling authorities to conduct sensible evaluation, make early forecasts, and ship quicker, extra correct, and clear selections, thereby steadily reworking city governance capability.
Fourth, increasing pilot purposes of scientific and technological advances, new applied sciences, and sensible options so residents can profit from higher-quality healthcare, schooling, and cultural companies, whereas increasing development alternatives, preserving heritage values, and constructing a globally livable metropolis.
To notice this imaginative and prescient, Hai Phong is specializing in six decisive teams of options: institutional breakthroughs; strategic infrastructure development; putting companies on the middle of the new development mannequin; constructing a substantive innovation ecosystem; guaranteeing individuals stay the main focus and supreme beneficiaries of digital transformation; and pursuing sustainable development whereas preserving and selling the town’s distinctive identification.
Mr. Nguyen Tuan Anh, Deputy Secretary of the Lai Chau Provincial Party Committee
There are 4 key priorities associated to the appliance of science and expertise, innovation, and digital transformation as we speak.
First, relating to establishments, institutional reform is commonly carried out by means of a top-down strategy. However, in apply, many purposes with the best potential to ship tangible advantages to individuals have a tendency to emerge from actual wants on the grassroots degree, or from the underside up. One efficient resolution has been using managed pilot fashions. Yet many localities proceed to face challenges due to the shortage of sufficiently clear mechanisms to safeguard proactive innovation, notably by way of authority, experimentation area, implementation timelines, and regulatory flexibility for localities prepared to suppose boldly, act decisively, and take duty.
Second, individuals are the last word beneficiaries of digital transformation, making person expertise a essential consideration. Technologies supporting governance, resembling monitoring, screening, tracing, analysis, and forecasting, are all necessary. However, these alone are inadequate, as many nonetheless operate primarily as instruments for high-level administration somewhat than straight bettering productiveness and effectivity on the grassroots degree.
While knowledge is critically necessary, person expertise could also be much more so. At current, many giant language fashions and AI applied sciences are targeted totally on growing “smart assistants” for presidency companies, whereas inadequate consideration is being given to optimizing social sources by supporting the digital financial system for micro, small, and medium-sized enterprises.
Third, inside data and synchronized, interconnected knowledge techniques are important in making use of science and expertise, innovation, and digital transformation. At the identical time, native traits and cultural identification have to be revered and preserved. This means maximizing citizen satisfaction and advantages with out eroding the distinct identification of every locality.
Finally, it’s important to create an surroundings that encourages and nurtures modern concepts within the utility of new applied sciences. If society focuses solely on concern and hesitates to experiment with and undertake rising applied sciences, it is going to be troublesome to obtain breakthrough development.
Associate Professor Nguyen Ba Chien, Director of the Academy of Public Administration and Governance and Member of the Central Theoretical Council
A rustic searching for fast and sustainable development will need to have a sound philosophy for each its development mannequin and nationwide governance. In this context, philosophy may be understood as a system of core and foundational ideas that information the pondering and actions of stakeholders all through the development course of. In phrases of nationwide governance, it refers to the foundational views shaping how a rustic is organized, ruled, and developed over the long run.
Accordingly, three teams of philosophies deserve specific consideration. First, the philosophy of development aims. This group contains 4 core parts. The first is a people-centered philosophy, through which residents are concurrently the middle, the topic, the target, and the driving pressure of development. Ultimately, all insurance policies and development fashions should purpose to enhance high quality of life and create situations for complete human development. This is adopted by a philosophy of complete and inclusive governance, guaranteeing that no sector is neglected and no group is left behind within the development course of.
At the identical time, there may be the philosophy of fast development, aimed toward seizing alternatives, strengthening nationwide competitiveness, and narrowing the development hole with superior economies. Finally, sustainable development should guarantee concord between financial development, social progress, environmental safety, and long-term human development.
Second, the philosophy of development drivers. The first key driver is knowledge-based development, adopted by technology-driven development, innovation-led development, and at last data-driven development.
In specific, expertise development performs an particularly necessary function in as we speak’s context. However, knowledge-based governance stays indispensable to guaranteeing the effectivity, high quality, and sustainability of development. Technology can solely ship its full worth when supported by a powerful basis of information and acceptable governance capability.
Third, the philosophy of development content material, which incorporates 5 key priorities. The State should play a development-enabling function, creating a good surroundings and incentives for financial actors. Institutions should keep forward of development, paving the way in which for reform and innovation. The spirit of innovation have to be frequently sustained to adapt to fast adjustments within the world surroundings. Development ought to comply with an open strategy, strengthening home and worldwide connectivity and cooperation. The capability to adapt flexibly to world and financial shifts shall be important to guaranteeing long-term sustainable development.
Ms. Sinwon Park, Director of the International Labour Organization (ILO) Country Office for Vietnam
Regarding the financial development mannequin, I consider there are three key dimensions that Vietnam ought to prioritize within the coming interval, with essentially the most basic being the necessity to place individuals on the middle of development.
Specifically, financial development insurance policies shouldn’t focus solely on development, however have to be intently linked with social insurance policies and social safety techniques to make sure that all residents can profit from development positive factors. This can also be one in every of Vietnam’s key challenges as we speak: how to maintain productiveness and strengthen financial competitiveness whereas constructing an efficient, inclusive, and sustainable social safety system.
At the identical time, higher efforts are wanted to enhance individuals’s entry to healthcare, schooling, and broader development alternatives. This may even function an necessary basis for reaching long-term sustainable development targets.
Amid as we speak’s fast transformation, creating sustainable employment alternatives and guaranteeing gender equality should even be prioritized. Through these efforts, the State can steadily enhance social welfare high quality whereas enabling all residents to take part in and adapt to the continued financial transition. At the identical time, a extra inclusive strategy is required to strengthen the resilience of the workforce towards future shocks and rising challenges.
This would require elevating consciousness and strengthening employees’ data and abilities to guarantee honest and sustainable entry to new development alternatives. Alongside this, establishments ought to proceed to be improved, accountability amongst stakeholders enhanced, and situations created for companies and employees to proactively interact and adapt to potential disruptions in the course of the development course of.
In addition, increasing entry to employment alternatives in the course of the present transition is crucial, notably in strengthening social safety techniques to protect individuals from socio-economic dangers. Economic development should go hand-in-hand with social and human development. Labor markets must also be expanded by means of acceptable insurance policies that assist employees entry new employment alternatives and enhance job high quality.
In this context, science and expertise and AI will play an particularly necessary function in boosting labor productiveness, bettering workforce high quality, and strengthening labor market capability. At the identical time, they’ll present a basis for simpler governance and stronger institutional capability, serving to Vietnam take a extra proactive strategy because it enters a new period of development.
Mr. Nguyen Thanh Nhan, Standing Deputy Secretary of the An Giang Provincial Party Committee and Chairman of the An Giang Provincial People’s Council
For a few years, the expansion mannequin of most localities in Vietnam, together with An Giang province, relied totally on conventional drivers resembling land, pure sources, and low-skilled labor. This mannequin has performed an necessary function in selling financial development, guaranteeing nationwide meals safety, bettering residing requirements, and laying the muse for regional development over an prolonged interval.
However, within the present development context, these conventional development drivers are more and more revealing their limitations. In An Giang, it has develop into more and more clear that the previous development mannequin is approaching its limits. Under the province’s 2026 development situation, agriculture, forestry, and fisheries are projected to develop by solely round 3.5-3.8 per cent, whereas trade, building, and companies will want to broaden by 10-14 per cent to obtain the goal of greater than 10 per cent gross regional home product (GRDP) development.
This highlights a transparent actuality: conventional development drivers are not ample to generate quicker financial progress for the locality within the years forward.
Against this backdrop, An Giang views reforming its native development mannequin as greater than merely adjusting financial indicators; it requires a basic transformation in the way in which development is generated. This means shifting from a resource-based development mannequin to one pushed by data and knowledge; from in depth to intensive development; from low-cost competitors to competitors primarily based on expertise, governance high quality, and productiveness; and from development pushed primarily by output to development primarily based on added worth, productiveness, and innovation.
Through sensible implementation, An Giang has discovered that with out synchronized development in digital infrastructure, logistics, knowledge techniques, digital human sources, and sufficiently-strong mechanisms and insurance policies to encourage funding and strengthen regional connectivity, reforming the expansion mannequin shall be extraordinarily troublesome, not just for An Giang however for your entire Mekong Delta area within the years to come.
The province due to this fact recommends that the central authorities proceed supporting the development of coordinated mechanisms, insurance policies, and funding frameworks to allow localities to successfully implement new development fashions suited to the calls for of fast and sustainable development within the subsequent section.
Professor Hoang Van Cuong, Vice Chairman of the Vietnam Economic Association and former Vice Rector of the National Economics University
Reforming Vietnam’s nationwide development mannequin must be performed round 5 key parts: nationwide governance, financial development, social development, environmental governance, and international affairs and nationwide protection.
First, reforming the nationwide governance mannequin. This begins with restructuring the State equipment and reallocating State energy. Vietnam is at the moment advancing efforts to streamline and make clear institutional constructions. However, a key problem is how to coordinate energy and inter-agency collaboration to keep away from fragmentation and guarantee clean, efficient operations. At the identical time, higher decentralization and delegation of authority are wanted, along with a extra balanced allocation of energy within the coming interval.
Institutional and authorized reform, in addition to governance strategies, should additionally evolve. This requires shifting from a administration mindset to one centered on development facilitation; from process- and behavior-based administration to governance targeted on aims and outcomes; from State intervention to a development-enabling State; and from inflexible administration to versatile and adaptive governance. Mechanisms are additionally wanted to encourage officers to adapt to change and foster innovation, whereas constructing governance techniques grounded in knowledge, digital applied sciences, and built-in digital ecosystems.
Second, reforming the financial development mannequin. This requires modernizing the socialist-oriented market financial system framework, together with the roles of financial actors, market-based working mechanisms, and institutional frameworks for the digital, inexperienced, and round economies. Only by means of reforming this framework can Vietnam set up an acceptable basis for a new nationwide development mannequin.
Third, reforming the socio-cultural development mannequin. This consists of reworking schooling, coaching, and human sources development, shifting the main focus from data acquisition to functionality constructing and creativity. In healthcare, the emphasis ought to transfer from treatment-centered techniques towards preventive care, alongside stronger coordination between private and non-private healthcare and accelerated digital transformation.
Fourth, reforming the environmental governance mannequin. Environmental, social, and governance (ESG) requirements could current challenges, but when carried out successfully, they will develop into highly effective instruments to improve competitiveness, deepen integration, appeal to funding, and remodel sustainability standards into development sources. At the identical time, Vietnam ought to shift from useful resource extraction towards inexperienced useful resource governance targeted on carbon discount and the round financial system, whereas growing expertise adoption and local weather resilience.
Fifth, reforming international affairs and nationwide protection. In international coverage, Vietnam wants to transfer past a slim deal with financial positive factors and funding attraction towards enhancing nationwide standing, strategic capability, and self-reliance. Investment attraction, worldwide cooperation, and connectivity ought to at all times strengthen home capabilities and reinforce strategic autonomy. Meanwhile, nationwide protection should additionally adapt to the realities of deeper worldwide integration and be intently linked with advances in trendy science and expertise.